Ok about a week ago I started waking up at about 3-4am with my legs cramped really bad to where i had 2 stand up for a few min. and a cold/hot sweat then it started to spread to my whole body and i was throwing up, now i can barley do everyday activities bc of the pain/weakness All of my symptoms are:
*Muscle Cramps n Weakness
*Dizziness
*Fatigue
*Low Blood Pressure
*Heart Palpitation
*Extreme Tiredness
*Vomiting
* Problems Concentrating

Ive already been to the doctor Liver, Kidneys, Thyroid all normal….Iron and potassium normal to.
Also I am Anemic and Hypoglycemic/Borderline diabetic but it hasn’t been out of wack so I doubt that’s the problem.
PLEASE Any Suggestions
Its not the flu… and ive been to the doctor she’s baffled

I’M IN THE PROCESS OF DOING A CASE STUDY FOR MY A&P CLASS. THE CASE STUDY READS AS FOLLOWS:

Doctor, Your patient is Alex J, a 45-year-old male from the Midwest. It is February. He has the following symptoms: weakness, fatigue, hypotension, weight loss, dehydration, and decreased cold tolerance. He has also noticed an increased pigmentation (tanning) of both exposed and nonexposed portions of the body and back. The doctor performed a plasma cortisol determination test.
His blood chemistry values follow:
Serum sodium 128 mEq/Lv
Serum potassium 6.3 mEq/L
Fasting blood glucose 65 mg/dL
BUN 4.5 mg/dL
Serum creatinine 0.5 mg/dL

Hematology tests resulted in the following values:
Hematocrit 50%
Leukocytes 5000/cu mm
A plasma cortisol determination indicated a low cortisol level. Following administration of ACTH, plasma cortisol did not rise significantly after sixty and ninety minutes. Endogenous circulating levels of ACTH were later determined to be significantly elevated.

1. What endocrine organ is the site of the malfunction?
2. What is the name of this disorder? Use all available information to support your diagnosis.
3. Discuss the electrolyte disturbances resulting from this disorder. elaborate
4. Discuss the metabolic disturbances resulting from this disorder. elaborate
5. What is the cause of the tanning?

-WHAT I’VE CAME UP WITH SO FAR IS:

1) Adrenal Gland
2) Addison’s Disease
3) The sodium is low, and the potassium is high because of the lack of aldosterone to control the levels in the kidneys. The low BUN makes no sense for Addison’s though…Not sure if that is a typo. BUN should be high, not low if it is Addison’s
4) Oh there is a lot here. Since the hypothalamus is not being turned off by cortisol, it makes an abundance of CRH which lowers blood sugar, and induces stress. There is also low blood pressure because of the lack of angiotensin. So basically the glucocorticoids responsible for deactivating the hypothalamus and pituitary are not present, so both organs produce hormones without negative feedback.
5) Decreased glucocorticoid levels will cause the pituitary to release a lot of ACTH. ACTH is turned into MSH which signals the melanocytes to produce melanin, and therefore pigment.
The patient has Addison’s Disease. It is often caused by autoimmune destruction of the adrenal gland.

—IF YOU KNOW YOU’RE STUFF CAN YOU LET ME KNOW IF I’M ON THE RIGHT TRACK, & HELP WITH A BIT MORE INFORMATION THAT I MAY BE MISSING. STILL DOING RESEARCH BUT ALITTLE HELP WILL BE GREATLY APPRECIATED!

She has yellow bile diarrhea several times a day…this is day two. She’ll eat, but it runs right through her and she won’t drink pedialyte. No vomiting, thank goodness, but baby immodium isn’t working. She’s a bit better today, but wouldn’t you take her to the doc for this? I’m older and maybe guidlines for babies have changed, but I’d hate to see her in hospital with an IV…..that potassium hurts like crazy!!!
That’s what I thought….any ideas of something to replace electrolytes that she might drink? It’s not my baby so I don’t have a say, and I tend to be a worrier so I don’t want to scare the parents into it only to find out I over reacted.

I have been feeling very tired and weak lately! I can still walk and function but i would rather sleep! I have been vomiting for the past 2 days and i have diarrhea for 3 days! I cannot eat because it makes me puke again! I also cannot drink anything! I feel ok as long as i don’ put anything in my stomach i just feel tired! I was just wondering what i should do….i am afraid that i have lost a lot of electrolytes!
I don’t want my potassium or anything to get low? But i haven’t ate or drank in like 2 days…..do u think they are low?
I don’t want to go to the hospital!
PLEASE ANSWER!

I cannot drive and my parents are not home this weekend out of town…will be back tomorrow and since i am only 16 i need them to go to the ER!

And no i am not pregant i am not sexually active ( why do people always think u are pregnant when u are vomiting)

I am getting leg cramps from running and I’m not sure what it’s from. I drink a lot of water throughout the day so I don’t think it’s dehydration. I don’t eat bananas or really much that has potassium in it.
Also, I just started taking 15 mg of adderall a day and it seems to make it worse…
Has anyone gotten relief from taking potassium supplements?

Been lifting 4 times a week for about 8 months now. Seeing great results. I’ve been supplementing with whey protein and a multivitamin since the beginning, just started taking gnc’s creatine monohydrate 4 days ago. I’m loading with about 20 grams a day. Since i’ve started taking the creatine i’ve noticed alot of nausea, especially in the 30-40 minutes right after i take it. Noticed that it helps a bit to take it on a full stomach, however, not fully. Anyways, this isn’t that much of a big deal as the nausea isn’t too severe.

However, when i take my post-workout creatine, it gets much worse. As long as i get a meal in me (with potassium) pre-workout I usually feel great during my workout. However, once i take the creatine post-workout i feel awful. Severe nausea, and i also get exhausted.

Any explanations? I’ve seen great results with creatine and I would hate to have to come off of it. Should I just take it pre-workout and my whey post-workout?

Oh, and i’m drinking about a gallon of water a day, including alot during my workouts,so i don’t think it’s dehydration.

thanks

Excitatory (EPSPs) occur when

* more potassium ions than usual leak out of a cell.
* more calcium ions than usual leak out of a cell.
* chloride ions enter a cell.
* sodium channels are opened.
* hyperpolarizations occur.

#
The ion needed to initiate the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is

* potassium.
* chloride.
* calcium.
* zinc.
* sodium.

#
In order to signal a stronger stimulus, action potentials become

* more frequent.
* all of these
* higher in amplitude.
* longer lasting.

#
Which of the following will increase the conduction rate of action potentials?

* Increase the diameter of the axon, decrease the resistance of the axon membrane to ion leakage.
* Decrease the diameter of the axon, decrease the resistance of the axon membrane to ion leakage.
* Increase the diameter of the axon, increase the resistance of the axon membrane to ion leakage.
* Decrease the diameter of the axon, increase the resistance of the axon membrane to ion leakage.

#
Active neurons require large amounts of ATP for

* axoplasmic flow.
* recycling neurotransmitters.
* the activity of the sodium-potassium pump.
* synthesis of neurotransmitters.
* all of these

#
Interruption of the supply of which of these can have devastating effects to the brain?

* oxygen
* all of these
* blood
* glucose

#
)Which of these functions is NOT housed in the medulla oblongata?

* centers for control of eye movement
* centers for control of breathing
* the pyramids, where tracts cross to the opposite side of the body
* centers for blood pressure control
* centers for control of vomiting

#
Which of these has a higher concentration in cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood?

* Na+
* H+
* K+
* HCO3-
* Ca2+

#
The most primitive region of the cerebrum is probably the

* limbic system.
* corpus callosum.
* pons.
* reticular system.
* basal nuclei.

#
Which brain area is considered to be the integrating center for homeostasis?

* medulla
* hypothalamus
* thalamus
* pituitary gland
* brain stem

#
The earliest discrete embryonic structure from which the entire nervous system eventually develops is the

* neural crest.
* neural plate.
* ependyma.
* ventricle.
* neural tube.

#
Which of these roles is NOT related to the reticular formation?

* arousal and sleep
* blood pressure regulation
* muscle tone and stretch reflexes
* pain modulation
* regulation of the menstrual cycle

#
The hypothalamus contains centers for __________.

* coordination of reproductive hormones
* temperature regulation
* fight-or-flight response
* growth
* behavioral drives

#
Long-term memory requires the formation of new synapses. MRI and PET scans have allowed researchers to identify __________ in the cerebral cortex.

* reflexes
* long term potentiation
* memory traces

#
Which statement is TRUE about sleep?

* All of these statements are true.
* It is an easily reversible state of inactivity.
* It is characterized by lack of interaction with the external environment.
* Sleep is now considered an active state, requiring neuronal activity.
* During a sleep cycle a person alternates between REM sleep and deep wave sleep.

#
Which of the choices below functions in the control of movement?

* hippocampus
* All of these function in the control of movement.
* basal nuclei
* amygdala

#
Reflexive memories are stored in areas of the

* occipital lobe.
* temporal lobe.
* cerebellum.
* frontal lobe.
* parietal lobe.

#
The brain’s interpretation of sensory stimuli is called

* cortices.
* vision.
* proprioception.
* perception.
* cerebral lateralization.

#
When a puppy is scolded "No!" each time he chews on your ficus tree, eventually he learns to leave the tree alone. This type of learning is called __________.

* associative
* nonassociative
* sensitization
* habituation

#
The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is the

* basal nuclei.
* suprachiasmatic nucleus.
* gray "H."
* corpus callosum.
* hippocampus.

#
Reasoning arises in the outer layer of neurons of the

* amygdala.
* hippocampus.
* basal nuclei.
* cerebral cortex.

#
The measurement of brain activity is recorded by a procedure known as

* electrocardiography.
* electrocution.
* electromyography.
* electroencephalography.
* echoelectrography.

#
Language and verbal skills tend to be concentrated on the __________ side of the brain of right-handed people.

* neither (no lateralization exists)

Its uncontrolled vomiting and nausea. I lost 23lbs so far. I have been admitted to the hospital over 10 times and been to the ER over 15 times for dehydration. I have been on all sorta of medicines. And finally i am 12 weeks and im on Zofran and Reglan, and it finally helped me not to throw up or be nauseated. I am eating and able 2 drink anything and everything, BUT i am still having to go to the ER to get IVs to get re hydrated and i don’t understand it. It makes no sense i mean im eating and drinking. Sometimes when i go to the ER my potassium will be low an they will have to give me some through my IV. And my urine will come back with Ketones in it. I did go and buy bananas and foods with high potassium. But kinda confused on the Ketones still. My body just starts to ache and i feel so run down and tired then i go to the ER and they tell me im extremely dehydrated. Im confused on all of this. I figured once id stop throwing up id be completely better. Anyone with and info or any advice would greatly be appreciated. THANK U!

I was wondering about a good lawsuit my mother went into the hospital ER for bronchitis she was then admitted to the hospital for this she was alert and fine for the 1st 4 days of her stay when a nurse she had for 3 days in a row kept giving her large amounts of dilaudid/morphine she was kept sedated for 3 days by this nurse when I would question the nurse about my mother not getting IV or being catherized for lack of eating or drinking or going to the restroom she would say I am not sure doctor has not ordered anything when I finally demanded to see a doctor they come in catherized her could not get an IV in her from severe dehydration blowing veins had to put a main line in her neck realized her potassium was severely high her kidneys had been shut down had to have immediate dialysis at this point went to ICU kidney failure led to lungs stopping led to vent. then cardiac arrest led to paddles 3 weeks in ICU now has trach in throat and still on dialysis 36 days in hospital so far